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  • Kathmandu, Nepal
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Mountain Mate

About Bhutan

Thimphu City

Bhutan at a Glance

The Kingdom of Bhutan is a small Himalayan nation located between India and China. Known as the Land of the Thunder Dragon, Bhutan is internationally recognized for its commitment to environmental conservation, cultural preservation, and Gross National Happiness.

Capital City Thimphu
Total Area 38,394 km²
Population Approximately 790,000
Official Language Dzongkha
Currency Ngultrum (BTN)
Government Constitutional Monarchy
Gangkhar Puensum

Diverse Geography

Bhutan possesses one of the world's most dramatic elevation ranges. Within approximately 150 miles, the landscape rises from subtropical plains in the south to snow-covered Himalayan peaks in the north.

  • 677 glaciers across the country.
  • More than 2,674 glacial and subsidiary lakes.
  • 19 mountain peaks exceed 7,000 meters.
  • Highest peak: Gangkhar Puensum (7,570m).
  • Climate ranges from subtropical to alpine and arctic.
  • Rich river valleys fed by Himalayan glaciers.
Takin

Wildlife & Biodiversity

Bhutan is regarded as a global biodiversity hotspot. More than 70% of the country remains under forest cover, supporting extraordinary ecological diversity.

  • 5,400+ species of plants.
  • 770+ species of birds.
  • 165+ species of mammals.
  • 423+ species of orchids.
  • 670+ species of butterflies.
  • 300+ medicinal plant species.
  • 46 species of rhododendron.
  • National Animal: Takin.
  • National Bird: Raven.
Bhutan Festival

People & Culture

Bhutanese culture is deeply rooted in Vajrayana Buddhism. Traditional customs, festivals, architecture, and national dress remain an integral part of daily life.

  • Approximately 77% Buddhist and 23% Hindu population.
  • Four major ethnic groups.
  • More than 19 languages spoken.
  • Traditional dress: Gho (men) and Kira (women).
  • Archery is the national sport.
  • Colorful Tshechu festivals celebrated throughout the year.
Punakha Dzong

Dzongs of Bhutan

Dzongs are unique fortress-monasteries that serve religious, administrative, and cultural functions. They are among Bhutan's most recognizable architectural landmarks.

  • Punakha Dzong
  • Paro Rinpung Dzong
  • Tashichho Dzong
  • Trongsa Dzong
  • Jakar Dzong
  • Lhuntse Dzong
  • Trashigang Dzong
  • Simtokha Dzong
  • Drukgyel Dzong
  • Wangdue Phodrang Dzong
Tiger's Nest Monastery

Why Bhutan is Unique

Bhutan is admired worldwide for balancing development with environmental sustainability, cultural preservation, and the well-being of its citizens.

  • World-famous for Gross National Happiness (GNH).
  • One of the few carbon-negative countries on Earth.
  • Over 70% forest cover.
  • Constitution mandates environmental protection.
  • Never colonized by a foreign power.
  • Sustainable tourism policy.
  • Very low crime rates.
  • Strong preservation of culture and traditions.

References & Sources

  • Royal Government of Bhutan
  • Tourism Bhutan
  • National Statistics Bureau of Bhutan
  • UNESCO World Heritage Centre
  • World Bank Bhutan Data
  • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP Bhutan)

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